i think it's easy to spend 2 weeks there and not get bored; it's one of the few cities that i enjoy just wandering around and getting lost in - so many hidden places and interesting bits of architecture and history that a guidebook could never point you toward. i don't know what you like to do, but i'll list some of my favorite places to go\hang out and you can check your guidebook for more info
*of course, you shouldn't miss the castle Hradcany and St Vitus' cathedral, the Charles Bridge (Karluv Most) but be sure to experience the bridge both in the middle of the day when crowded with tourists and craft sellers and musicians, and also at sunrise when it's not as crowded
*Vysehrad - i don't think too many people go here, but it's so beautiful with great views of the city and the cemetary is nice to wander around in
*Novy Svet (New World)! neighborhood near the castle, very nice place to go for a stroll; once home to Tycho Brahe, near the Loreto Palace
*its cool to walk from Vltavska metro station all the way through Letna park, stop at the National Technical Museum, take a look at the place where Stalin's statue used to be, continue past the President's official residence and to the castle.
*also near Vltavska is a czech modern art museum that i'd recommend
http://www.ngprague.cz/5/detail/veletrzni-palace/
*concerts at Rudolfinum - the gallery there is cool, too. (also, you shouldn't miss even just the architecture and design of the National Theater, Estates Theater or Municipal House and maybe even Laterna Magika for black light theater)
*Bertramka - the place where Mozart stayed in Prague and where he finished writing Don Giovanni; bit of a trek but inside the centrum (i think near Metro Andel) with nice gardens and early evening concerts - not a must see, but my cousin works for the foundation that runs it and the house is very well-preserved
http://www.bertramka.com/
*what about outside the city and into the countryside? Konopiste & Karlstejn castles are nice, and Kutna Hora is a wacky place! i like Plzen for some reason, and Podebrady, but they aren't must-sees -- but i think Ceske Budejovice and Cesky Krumlov are! a car rental might be a good idea, but trains are so cheap and the country isn't that big - you can get to most places i've mentioned in just a few hours very easily
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/087106 ... oding=UTF8
this is the best guidebook i've ever owned - i wish there were one for every place in the world! if i had mine here with me, i'd give it to you! it's out of date by now, but the best things about the book are not out of date - it gives you a lot of history about the city, the architecture, the culture, etc and it features several ideas for walks around town that are perfect!
http://www.praguepost.com/
this newspaper comes out every Thursday and is also updated on the web every Thursday - has the best listings for restaurants, bars, cinema, gallery openings, festivals, etc
if you have more specific questions (bars, rock concert venues, etc

let me know i can help you out!)
http://prague.tv/ is another link for listings
*i forgot to add Kampa island - nothing to do here but relax in the park, eat a picnic lunch and drink beers along the river side -- a really nice afternoon if you're into that sort of thing! at least a good place for a break when going from old town to lesser town